(U) Israeli Cooperative Project (Arrow)

(The effects of any budget/program decisions made since the information was collected during 1997-98 are NOT reflected in the National Security Space Road Map (NSSRM).)

Overview: (U)
(U) The Israeli Cooperative Project includes a number of efforts designed to assist Israel in the development of the Arrow Weapon System (AWS).  Efforts covered under the project include the Arrow Continuation Experiments (ACES) project, the Arrow Deployability Project (ADP), the Israeli Test Bed (ITB), the Israeli Cooperative Research and Development project, and the Israeli System Architecture and Integration (ISA&I) project.  

Description: (U)
(U) The Israeli Cooperative Project includes the Arrow Continuation Experiments (ACES) Project, the Arrow Deployability Project (ADP), the Israeli Test Bed (ITB), Israeli Cooperative Research and Development, and the Israeli System Architecture and Integration (ISA&I) project. The Israeli/Arrow program consists of efforts to develop an Anti-Theater Ballistic Missile (ATBM) system.  It includes the U.S.-Government of Israel (GOI) initiative to assist the GOI development of an ATBM interceptor and launcher.  The program also includes development of the fire control radar, fire control center, and launch control center by the Israeli's without U.S. participation.  The program is comprised of three phases.  Phase I of the initiative began with the Arrow Experiments project that developed the pre-prototype Arrow I interceptor.  The ACES project (Phase II) is a continuation of Phase I, and consists of critical lethality tests using the Arrow II interceptor upgraded development and test of the Arrow II interceptor.  Arrow provides the basis for an informed GOI engineering and manufacturing decision for an ATBM defense capability.  If successful, the Arrow II will satisfy the Israeli requirement for an interceptor for defense of military assets and population centers, and it will support U.S. technology base requirements for new advanced anti-tactical ballistic missile technologies that could be incorporated into U.S. TMD systems.  Phase III of the program is the Arrow Deployability Project (ADP) which began in FY96.  This phase of the project will pursue the research and development of technologies associated with the deployment of the Arrow Weapon System (AWS) and will permit the GOI to make a decision regarding deployment (without financial participation by the U.S. beyond the R&D stage).  This effort will include system-level flight tests of the U.S.-Israeli cooperatively developed Arrow II interceptor supported by the Israeli-developed fire control radar, fire control center and launch control center (LCC).  An interface will be developed for AWS interoperability with U.S. TMD systems.  Subsequent U.S.-Israeli cooperative R&D on other ballistic missile defense concepts may occur in the future.  

(U) The ITB program is a medium-to-high fidelity theater missile defense simulation that provides the capability to evaluate potential Israeli missile defenses, aids the Israeli Ministry of Defense (IMOD) in the decision of which defense systems to field, provides insights into command and control in TMD, and trains personnel to function in a TMD environment.  

(U) The Israeli Cooperative R&D program supports the advancement of emerging TMD technologies.  This task supports efforts in developing an interface to allow for interoperability between Israeli TMD systems and U.S. TBMD systems and the implementation of such a system.  

(U) The ISA&I tasks provide ongoing analysis and assessment of the baseline, evolutionary, and responsive threats to support the definition and evaluation of an initial Israeli Reference Missile Architecture (IRMA), a baseline missile configuration.  Evolutionary growth paths to enhance the IRMA robustness against future threats will be identified.  Critical TMD system architecture issues and technologies will be analyzed and the conformance to established requirements of various Israeli ATBM programs, including the Arrow missile development activity, the ADP, and the ITB will be conducted.  Finally, previously developed simulations and models will be used selectively to address significant TMD issues.  Collectively, the tasks conducted under this cooperatively sponsored ISA&I project will provide critical insights and technical data to both the U.S. and Israeli governments for improving near-term and evolutionary defenses against ballistic missile threats.  

(U) Since program initiation in 1988, Israel successfully improved the performance of its pre-prototype Arrow I interceptor to the point that it achieved a successful intercept and target destruction in June 1994.  Arrow II design and component testing progressed to the successful demonstration of the new warhead, electro-optical seeker, radar fuse, first stage booster, sustainer booster, launch canister, and launcher. 
(U) The ITB became operational in the second quarter of FY 1992.  The ITB experiments validated the performance of the prospective near-term Israel Theater Missile Defense System. It provided valuable insight into the potential role of Human-In-The-Loop (HIL) for a TMD system. Also, the Test Bed Product Office at the now Space and Missile Defense Command (SMDC) benefited from the application of ITB Project experience to the U.S. and United Kingdom Extended Air Defense Test Bed (EADTB) Projects.

(U) The ISA&I Project activities demonstrated that defense of the State of Israel from TBM attacks is feasible and cost-effective. The ISA&I effort analyzed and addressed numerous TMD system issues including HIL, resource allocation, and threat analysis. The U.S. benefited from the architecture analysis work, including identification and progress toward resolution of critical TMD system issues such as kill assessment and the lethality study of a novel interceptor warhead.

User Impact: (U)
(U) None.

Programmatics: (U)
(U) Programmed.
	(U) IOC: 10/1999 (1QFY2000).
		(U)  The recent test failure of an Arrow II missile may affect the IOC date of the system.

Related Initiatives: (U)
(U) None.

Related Requirements: (U)
(U) None.

Related Categories: (U)
(U) Ground-Based Missile Defense, JTMDE

Road Map Placements: (U)
(U) SPACE CONTROL: NMD/ COUNTERSPACE.

Lead Office: (U)
(U) BMDO.

Date of Information: (U)
21 November 1997

(The effects of any budget/program decisions made since the information was collected during 1997-98 are NOT reflected in the National Security Space Road Map (NSSRM).)